It basically corresponds to the scale of nuances found in music notation, as follows it is more indicative than exact values :. In basic synthesizers, the velocity value is used only to determine the force with which the note is played, the only effect being a note that is louder or softer in volume. In more sophisticated synthesizer, this value will also affect the sound quality. Indeed, on a real piano, hitting a note harder will not only affect its loudness but also the quality of the sound itself, the timber.
This is practically the case with any real instrument. There is a special case if the velocity is set to zero. By default, set it to zero. However, you need to keep track of the notes that are playing, so that you can send a corresponding NOTE OFF for each note, otherwise there will be stuck notes playing forever.
As the time dimension must be present to hear the music, here is the time sequence of the MIDI messages that you need to send to a synthesizer to have it play the above music on channel 1 remember, coded as 0 , with a velocity of 64 mezzo forte , in hexadecimal 0x means hexadecimal notation :. The score plays at 60 beats per minute, so each quarter note is 1 second.
Up to now, there is no information to tell the synthesizer what sound must be used to play the notes. The synthesizer would probably use the piano or its default instrument. There is a MIDI message to specify an instrument from a predefined list of sounds. In theory, each synthesizer may have its own custom list of instruments, but the "General Midi GM " standard defines a list of instruments that simplifies compatibility.
Most synthesizer have at least a compatibility mode with the GM standard. General MIDI standard. The MIDI message used to specify the instrument is called a "program change" message. Similarly to MIDI channels, you will often see that the instrument numbers in synthesizers and in GM lists, are numbered from 1 to so you also need to add or subtract 1 for the conversion.
This is the main problem with MIDI sequences, is that you have no control of the final quality of reproduction, as you do not know what is the synthesizer that will play it when you publish a MIDI sequence.
Drum instruments form a special case, as they do not have a specific pitch like on a piano or trumpet. A specific MIDI channel is used to transmit the playback of drum instruments.
In General Midi, it is channel 10, but you will find synthesizers that can be programmed to receive drums on any channel. In the case of a channel assigned to drum instruments and also for special sound effects often included in synthesizers , the NOTE ON and NOTE OFF message information for the pitch is in fact used to select which drum or sound effect will play. General MIDI drum instruments list. Each channel has its own status, for instance the current instrument defined, the notes that are currently playing, as well as other values like the volume, the panoramic, By using different MIDI channels, you can define a specific instrument for each.
By sending notes on the corresponding MIDI channels, these notes will sound with the given instruments. The sax, piano and bass drum will use respectively channels 1, 2 and The MIDI message sequence is the following. All of the 5, PSR Performer songs are found in this section, sorted alphabetically by song title.
The alphabetic navigator at the top will take you to a page listing midi songs that begin with that letter. If you are looking for "Moon River", simply click on the "M" in the table above.
All of the songs that begin with "M" are found on a large table that appears on that page. The tables provide additional information about each midi file including the song tempo, the time signature, if available, the Yamaha style used, the artist who created the midi and the keyboard used.
The table below shows the 2-letter keyboard abbreviations and what they mean. The top-level arranger keyboards represent about a quarter of the total -- Tyros1 , Tyros2 , Tyros3 , and Tyros4 The MP3 files can reproduce the song on any computer or MP3 player. The midi files will give an exact reproduction of the song, but only if played on the same model keyboard as was used to create the file.
However, recent keyboards should be able to play the midi files created on any of the earlier Yamaha keyboards. Each one of these channels will have its own specified note, velocity, pitch bend etc. This is common in most modern synths or MIDI keyboards. On top of these standardized numbers. This defines tempo and allows you to sync various equipment together.
Now before you accuse me of trying to make you eat a keyboard sandwich…. You can see at the bottom another small graph, this is the velocity of each note between 0 and as I mentioned earlier.
This stored data is then played back on whatever virtual instrument you have loaded onto that particular track. And the beauty is you can change it with a single click. It can go from a piano sound to a flute, even to the sound of a barking dog if you are that way inclined. Sequencers have many advantages and allow you to craft a track with amazing accuracy.
You can ensure a note starts exactly on time and is played for exactly as long as you wish down to a 32nd of a note for example. If you played a wrong note when inputting the MIDI, that is also not a problem. Simply drag and drop it where it was meant to go.
In Ableton Live, you can switch between a drawing cursor that looks like a pencil to add new notes, or to click on existing ones to remove them. Or you can switch to an edit cursor which will allow you to lengthen, shorten or change notes. Beware though, as too much correction in some instruments just creates really robotic sounding music with no character. Or transpose a track up a few octaves with just the click of a button.
MIDI really does give you a lot of flexibility when it comes to shaping how your music sounds. As I said above, you can manually enter notes into your piano roll using just your mouse cursor within your DAW software and then adjust other settings within that afterward. But doing it this way is a long process and not very intuitive.
Below is a picture of my Novation Impulse So if you tried to plug it into an amplifier or speaker without going through a sound module or virtual instrument in a DAW first, nothing would happen.
In the image, you can just about make out my Novation Bass-station synth on the left. This is the case with most modern synthesizers as I explained in this recent article. When you play a series of notes on one of these instruments it will send MIDI data for the note played a number between 0 and and a series of other numbers for velocity, pitch bend etc. If you are using traditional MIDI 5 pin cables you are unlikely to have a MIDI in port in your computer, therefore you must use some sort of interface.
Or more common and what I would recommend is to connect to a general audio interface such as this one which has inpits for MIDI but also other types of instruments, microphones etc.
If your MIDI keyboard or other device is more modern, it is likely to just use a USB connection and this can be plugged straight into the computer without the need for an interface. But your computer has now just received a series of numbers, this alone will not produce a sound.
To do this you must have some sort of virtual instrument within your DAW to which these numbers will be applied and a sound will be produced. Or in many, such as Ableton Live, a huge library of instruments comes pre-loaded into the software. A MIDI signal can also be sent to other machines which can interpret these signals and subsequently produce a sound.
This could be a synthesizer module or a sound module which comes loaded with sounds. So, for example, say you wanted the level of the track to change during the chorus to make it stand out, or even if you want to change elements of the EQ mid-song. This is done in many pieces of DAW software by simply making these changes yourself in real time as the track is recording.
This will all be recorded alongside the MIDI track and you will have this automation built into your song.
As with other elements of MIDI you can of course manually add automation after the recording is made or tweak certain elements. MIDI instruments will often have different modes.
0コメント